Production sector
Forage and Pasture
Forage and pasture crops are not sold to consumers but to livestock: alfalfa, forage corn and sorghum, oats, ryegrass and tropical grass pastures for grazing. They are cut green, ensiled or baled as hay, and their value is measured by nutritional content — protein, fiber, digestibility — rather than by tonnage alone. The customer is a dairy, a feedlot or a cow-calf ranch, so production is planned against the animal's ration.
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Employers hire forage agronomists, irrigation technicians (center pivot, drip and flood) and crop nutrition leads, because a forage crop's margin is decided by water and by cutting date. Machinery weighs heavily on payrolls: tractor, mower, rake, baler and forage harvester operators, backed by shop supervisors and mechanics keeping equipment running against the clock. There is also demand for lab and quality staff (feed analysis, bale and silo sampling), scale and yard coordinators, and grazing advisors for pasture-based systems. The work comes in short windows: once a field hits the right stage it is cut, cured and picked up within days, which means long shifts, night work in extreme heat and weekend availability.
Where it is concentrated
In Mexico, production clusters around the dairy basins: the Comarca Lagunera (Coahuila and Durango), Chihuahua, Los Altos de Jalisco, Aguascalientes, Querétaro and the Mexicali Valley, almost all under irrigation. Tropical grazing pastures dominate in Veracruz, Tabasco, Chiapas and the Huasteca, where the cycle follows the rains and feed gets tight in the dry season. Across Latin America, the Argentine and Uruguayan pampas, southern Chile, Colombia's eastern plains and south-central Brazil support equivalent systems; irrigated alfalfa is cut repeatedly through the year, while corn silage is concentrated in a brief window.
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